Gansu province is the hometown of painted pottery in China, while Tianshui City is the important birthplace of prehistoric art of painted pottery with painted decoration. Chinese ancestors painted on pottery, using simple and bright colors and realistic or abstract patterns. They created numerous pieces of painted pottery of different shapes with complex patterns. The art of painted pottery vividly reflects the life and production of Chinese ancestor and shows the brilliant artistic creativity of them. It is important data on research into the natural environment, modes of production, life, religious beliefs, aesthetics and imagination of Chinese people of prehistoric society. In recent years, this museum has collected painted pottery with certain historical and artistic value, with more than 100 pieces on display.